For most of deep time, spreading ridges released more carbon than volcano chains, changing how we interpret Earth’s climate history.

Ancient cities and enduring Indigenous traditions offer hands-on ways to experience this country’s rich culture and history.

In the whole history of Earth's climate, few events are as extreme as those that geologists call "Snowball Earth." ...

Scientists discovered plate anomalies in Earth's mantle using seismic wave analysis. These mysterious structures challenge tectonic theories.