• Engineers can use hardness testing to verify the composition or heat-treatment history of materials. • Rockwell, Brinell, Vickers, and Shore are common hardness tests. Their use depends on the ...

Decarburization refers to a loss of carbon from a metal surface, particularly cast irons and steels, and occurs due to heating in a medium, which in turn reacts with the carbon atoms. Case hardening ...

When designing metal parts, it's important to specify their hardness. However, many engineers have only a shaky understanding of what hardness actually is, or how it's measured. There are good reasons ...

The automotive industry requires steel with a high strength, and this need is continually being met by ongoing developments. One fruit of this research is advanced dual-phase (DP) steel. This is steel ...